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THE IRAQ SITUATION -- WHY SADAM HAD TO BE REMOVED
Now that the war with Iraq is over, the complicated task of rebuilding is underway. Iraq's interim council
has assumed power over its dominion and the US military presence in Iraq is entering its final stage.
If you have any doubt as to why Sadam needed to be removed from power, read this article. It was penned as the inevitable
invasion date approached.
By Ken Cubbin
So many voices are expressing outrage at the U.S. led action to disarm Iraq of its weapons of mass destruction
(WMD)that I think its time to present the case logically.
Nobody wants war.
War is always the last alternative.
However, history has proved that despots ignored, or worse yet, rationalized, have wrought destruction
on entire populations. At some point, like it or not, attempts to deal politically, or diplomatically, with dictators have
to be abandoned for the greater good of humanity. I understand how it may sound absurd to talk of making war in an effort
to preserve peace, but, ironically, that's the way it is.
The arguments that validate the use of military force to remove Sadam Hussein from his despotic
leadership of Iraq fall under five main categories:
1. United Nations credibility, and efficacy, in resolving international crises;
2. Containment of Saddam Hussein's imperialistic ambitions;
3. Ensuring stability in global oil supply to ensure economic growth;
4. Fight against terrorism;
5. The necessity of trust in alliances.
United Nation's credibility and efficacy in resolving international crises
For a start, the United Nations (UN) has endeavored to reason with Saddam Hussein since the Gulf
War of 1990. Despite numerous resolutions and inspections, Saddam Hussein has never complied to global leaders' demands to
destroy his nation's stockpile of WMD. In 1998, when Saddam Hussein unilaterally ejected UN inspectors out of Iraq, he was
already known to have had a stock pile of chemical and biological weapons.
This is a documented fact.
However, Saddam Hussein will not detail where these weapons are now. If they were simply destroyed,
he should be able to produce documented proof of that action; he cannot. He is also known to be attempting to produce a nuclear
weapon. This is not conjecture; his attempts to purchase the necessary materials to construct a nuclear weapon are well documented.
For those of you who claim the need for the UN to carry out further inspections for WMD, and/or
to impose more resolutions on Iraq, it should be self evident that Iraq has made a mockery of such actions. As a result, the
UN has lost any power it had to impose its will. Simply continuing on a failed path would be folly. Twelve years of inaction
and paper threats have only emboldened Saddam Hussein. Today, he continues to thwart the attempts of UN inspectors to carry
out their mandated duties.
As most parents understand, hollow threats of punishment on an errant child have no effect other
than to undermine the respect and obedience of that child for authority. Projecting this analogy to the current crisis with
Iraq, as a result of its inaction to enforce its resolutions on Iraq over the last twelve years, the UN has proved itself
an impotent body of global representatives.
This state of affairs needs to be changed or the UN will cease being an organization that can affect
change in the world.
Containment of Saddam Hussein's imperialistic ambitions
Voices of reason argue, Other nations in the Mid East, such as Israel, have WMD. Is it reasonable
that they are allowed to keep their WMD while we demand that Iraq give up theirs?
The answer to this question is that Iraq, under the despotic leadership of Saddam Hussein, has
demonstrated its intent to use these weapons without slightest hesitation. Saddam Hussein ordered the use of chemical weapons
in his own country in the mid 1980s and annihilated a village of several thousand people. While other nations, with stable,
pluralistic political systems, hold their weapons of mass destruction as a deterrent against attack, Saddam Hussein views
such weapons as a tool to regional domination. He has imperialistic desires of annexing other Arab nations and gaining control
over vast oil reserves. There can be no doubt as to his ambitions in this regard. His invasion of Kuwait in 1990 proves
this fact.
Then why not let the other Arab nations contain Iraq's imperialist ambitions?
Because of the imperative of maintaining stability in this geopolitical position and the lack of
cohesiveness among Arab nations. It is vital to the global economy that oil supply flows unimpeded, and this requires peace
in the region.
Ensuring stability in global oil supply to ensure economic growth
So, as we expected it all comes down to oil!
In some ways, yes. But not just for the gas-hungry Americans as some so loudly shout. The U.S.
is the largest economy in the world, and the largest user of petroleum products, but it is also the largest producer
of goods and services in the world. In other words, the entire global economy will rise or fall on the fortunes of the U.S.
Japan, the second largest economy in the world, relies on Saudi Arabia for almost all its oil supplies.
So, once again, it should be self evident to all reasonable people that regional stability, and
the guarantee of the free flow of oil, is imperative to maintaining global well being. Like it or not, the ready supply
of oil is vital to economic growth; this fact is proven by history.
For example, in 1974, and then later in 1979, world oil supplies were severely disrupted by OPEC
actions and political unrest in Iran. The price of oil shot up dramatically with the result that the global economy suffered
inflation and stagnation at the same time. In the early 1980s, when Ronald Reagan was elected as President of the U.S., he
vowed that never again would the politically ambitious forces in the Middle East be allowed to disrupt global oil supplies.
His implication: Keep the oil flowing to maintain reasonable prices or we, the Free World, will
come and ensure its supply.
That time has come.
So, it all comes down to oil supplies and containment of the proliferation of WMD, right?
Not entirely.
As pointed out before, it is imperative that the UN regain respect and obedience of its resolutions
if future global conflicts are to be resolved peacefully. Without achieving this goal the world could fall into regional
anarchy. Errant nations could invade their weaker neighbors without fear of retaliation or imposition of the combined military
will of nations.
The only way to ensure global economic growth, and to improve the plight of less fortunate countries,
is to ensure peace in economically important regions. Ironically, this can only be achieved under threat of violent interception
by UN forces.
Less important regions, like some of those in Africa for example, that are historically unstable,
may be left to their own devices. These nations will be encouraged to form stable governments, and will be given direction
and economic assistance, but will not be militarily forced to do so. In essence, they must evolve into order as many
other nations before them have done over the centuries.
Fight against terrorism
There is also the specter of terrorism and the need for the Free World to demonstrate its resolve
in delivering justice to the innocents murdered by religious zealots. While there has been no concrete evidence that Iraq
has Al Qaida ties, there is documented proof of Iraq's support of other Islamic fundamentalist terrorist groups. There are
also strong allegations that Iraqi agents met with several of the 911 terrorists in Europe before the attacks on America.
These facts were reiterated by Colin Powell in his recent address to the UN.
Terrorist acts, from the bombing of PanAm 103, to the blowing up of embassies, to the previous
bombing attack on the World Trade Center in New York in 1993, and the attack on the USS Cole in Yemen, have demonstrated trends
of growing terrorist activity against nations of the Free World.
The latest acts of terrorism on September 11, 2001, and later the bombing of the night club in
Bali, have proved, beyond a doubt, that terrorists now consider ordinary citizens targets.
After the U.S. attacks, President Bush not only vowed revenge for the aforementioned atrocities,
but promised that terrorists would be pursued to the corners of the earth and destroyed. However, that promise proved easier
to verbalize than carry out. Despite vigorous, multinational attempts to rout terrorist camps from Afghanistan, some still
remain. Some terrorists fled to Pakistan. Still other terrorists exist in various other rogue nations.
So the President is left with a dilemma.
How can he demonstrate the Free World's resolve to eliminate terrorism if he cannot find them?
In all forms of life, from schools to the courts, when there are widespread perpetrators of crime,
it is a common, effective tactic to make an example of a guilty party to show all others that such behavior will not be tolerated.
In a global perspective on terrorism then, the answer is to make an example of a country known to support terrorists; one
that is already guilty of other punishable crimes. Certainly, other Arab nations support terrorism, but there is currently
no legal case to attack them militarily. Iraq, on the other hand, is a regional bully with WMD, that has defied UN demands,
and is, therefore, a suitable target.
The message to other nations that harbor terrorists will be clear: Give up your support of terrorism
or suffer the same consequences as Iraq.
The necessity of trust in alliances
But isnt the U.S. only interested in supporting Israel?
Herein lies a very important political point. The U.S. does not unilaterally support Israel. In
fact, there are many in the U.S. political arena who are dismayed by Israel's treatment of the Palestinians. However, and
this is vital to remember, Israel is our ally. It is also the only effective democracy in the Middle East.
Allow me to use the analogy of paper currency to prove the importance of alliances between nations.
Money has very little intrinsic value. What value is placed on notes and coins comes only from
trust. Trust between individuals and governments that the face value of currency will be honored and respected in commerce.
The same is true for alliances between nations. Alliances are only words printed on worthless pieces
of paper. They are only as good as the will of each nation to support the other.
That is, trust.
Therefore, between alliance partners, even when one nation has reservations of the other nation's
actions, it is imperative that support be given when asked; otherwise the alliance is null in void. An alliance is like a
house of cards. Remove one element, in this case the promise to support an ally, and the whole structure of the alliance will
come tumbling down.
While in extreme circumstances this may prove necessary, it is hardly the case here.
Projecting this fact into present circumstances, Britain, Australia and other allies of the U.S.
have proved their dedication to the alliance by supporting the U.S.'s actions against Iraq. By demonstrating their support
they have strengthened the alliance and reinforced global stability.
In a world without alliances, one nation could be seen as a viable target for invasion by another,
stronger nation. Take Australia, or Taiwan, for example; each is inherently vulnerable to invasion. However, with each of
these nations allied to the U.S., those nations that may harbor imperialist ambitions are held in check.
Unfortunately, by their lack of support of the U.S. and other like minded nations, Germany and
France have intrinsically weakened the NATO alliance. Even though the NATO alliance has nothing to do with the current predicament
before the UN, it is, however, weakened by the loss of trust and support among critical members.
I believe that ultimately these two NATO partners will come to their senses, however, it they do
not, then NATO is effectively finished; and with the end of NATO, stability in Europe is not guaranteed.
Worst Case
While war should be considered the last option, in the case against Iraq, for all the reasons articulated
above, I believe that the last option has arrived. However, when the U.S., with or without the backing of the UN, does initiate
military action against Iraq the repercussions could be dire; and this is what really frightens a lot of people, myself included.
The imagined scenarios include Saddam Hussein using WMD against U.S. forces, Israel or even other
Arab neighbors who have supported the attack against Iraq, destruction of oil fields which result in dramatic increases in
the price of oil, and/or an increase in retaliatory terrorist attacks against innocent civilians of those countries involved
in the assault.
On top of these serious consequences, Kim Jong Il, North Koreas despotic leader, is already taking
advantage of the U.S.'s distraction with Iraq. By using the threat of constructing and deploying nuclear weapons, and by amassing
troops along the border with South Korea, Kim Jong Il is, by all accounts, endeavoring to blackmail the U.S. and other free
nations into vastly increasing the amount of aid to his countrys crippled economy. He could even invade South Korea, some
speculate, when the U.S. and its allies are actively engaging Iraq's forces. This has led members of the U.S. administration
to publicly verbalize the U.S.'s ability to fight a war on two fronts.
This escalation of violence, particularly on two fronts, could lead to the use of tactical nuclear
weapons by the U.S., Israel, North Korea, or any other nation which perceives the threat dire enough to respond in such a
manner; a dangerous precedent to set. However, worse still, this would cause a dramatic increase in the amount of collateral
damage; that is, civilian loss of life and property damage.
So, the worst case scenario is that a conflagration that begins in the Middle East could spread
to other global regions - in effect, another World War.
But, the truth is, we have to confront the threat that Saddam Hussein has placed on regional
peace and global economic growth. Either we do it now, or we do it later. Just wishing the problem would go away will not
make it happen. Confronting the problem sooner, rather than later, will make success more likely simply because Saddam Hussein
will only continue his efforts to manufacture nuclear weapons. If we leave it to later, his ability to strike us with nuclear
warheads could be very dire indeed.
He has used WMD in the past. If he had a nuclear weapon, there is no doubt that he would use it,
or at least threaten to use it, against retaliatory forces that try to contain his imperialistic ambitions. If we let that
happen before we forcefully disarm his country of WMD then the worst case scenario is more likely an outcome.
Probable Case
In looking to history we can learn many lessons. History has shown that despots, such as Hitler,
who were not confronted early enough, went on to wreak havoc on the world. On the other hand, when Saddam Hussein's forces
invaded Kuwait in 1990, a swift and forceful military response quickly ended his transgression.
Before the Gulf War, Saddam Hussein warned of vast ally casualties if his country was invaded.
Western antiwar factions called for time to let economic sanctions work and voiced concern over a long, drawn out war that
would expand to engulf the entire Middle East if Iraq were attacked.
Economic sanctions do not work; just look at Cuba, for example. Inspections do not work as proved
by twelve years of UN inaction in following up its mandate. The only option left available back in 1990 was to forcefully
evict Saddam Husseins forces from Kuwait.
When the U.S. led invasion came, it was swift, devastating and decisive. Iraq's forces were quickly
overwhelmed with minimum ally casualties. And none of the dire predictions of those who opposed the military action came to
pass. Oil prices, that increased temporarily in the wake of military action, quickly came back down and actually fell to their
lowest level in over thirty years. The ready supply of oil, at low prices, went on to fuel the extraordinary global economic
growth of the 1990s.
While every war is different our experience with interceding in Kuwait, and stopping Saddam Hussein's
imperialistic ambitions, demonstrated that such action is likely to ensure regional stability and fuel global economic well
being.
At time of writing, it is still possible that Saddam Hussein will voluntarily step down into exile
or be overthrown by his own military. After all, his military leaders must be scared at having to face the military might
of the allies, particularly when they have witnessed, first hand, how their forces were overwhelmed and destroyed just twelve
years ago. If Saddam is deposed then the world could breathe a sigh of relief, but this is unlikely to occur.
As for Kim Jong Il and other potential despots, including terrorist leaders, an overwhelming military
action against Iraq will demonstrate the Free World's resolve to act on its threats. The implication will be tacitly understood
by those who would seek to disrupt peace.
In the history of mankind there has always been those who covet their neighbors' resources or who
have violently tried to enforce their ideology on others. The only way to contain these people is to be strong enough, and
to demonstrate the strength of will, to defend one's territory and ideals.
There is a pop-culture saying in Texas that says, Don't mess with Texas!
This message is succinct. If we were to adopt a similar adage on a world basis, then those who
would attempt to disrupt the global economy, or attempt to blackmail the Free World, would be aware of the consequences of
their actions.
Okay, so let's assume that the U.S. led assault on Iraq occurs in the near future and is successful.
What happens then?
The Peace War
The U.S. hopes to install a stable government in Iraq, supervise the production of oil and set
the country on the road to free elections a semblance of democracy before leaving. After sanctions are lifted, and oil revenues
start to accrue, the Iraqi people will begin to prosper once again.
However, Iraq, along with most of its Arab neighbors, is a mix-match of tribes with a deep seated
hatred of one another. Following the war, there could be a lot of infighting and resentment of a party pushed into power by
the U.S. and its allies.
For example, according to a recent Newsweek article (Perils of Victory, by Christopher Dickey February
3, 2003, issue) after removal of Saddam Husseins regime in Iraq, the Turks might want to stop the Kurds in Northern Iraq from
seizing control of the oil capital, Kirkuk. Iran has trained Iraqi Shiites to seize control in Southern Iraq. Syria has cultivated
contacts with the ruling Baath Party. Saudi Arabia and Kuwait want to see the Sunni minority continue to rule Iraq and the
Jordanian royal family claims connection to Iraq's old Hashemite throne in Baghdad.
After Saddam is ousted, at first the American and its allies will be viewed by the Iraqi people
as liberators. However, once the U.S. and its allies start to interfere with political and economic processes, those feelings
might quickly evaporate. If the U.S. stays too long it will be a confirmation of its critics' previous claims of being imperialistic.
If it does not stay long enough, Iraq could fall into anarchy. The surety of oil production, one of the prime reasons for
initiating the action against Iraq described earlier, could be lost.
On top of all the various factions' claims and political desires, there is alao a common hatred
of the U.S. among fundamentalist Muslims. Even those who are not so radical may heed the issue of fatwas (political
edicts to kill Americans) by extremist organizations if the reconstruction and stabilizing initiatives take too long. One
only has to look at the disasters that occurred in Somalia when the U.S. tried to intercede among warring tribal factions.
The intense hatred that these people felt for each other was redirected towards their American benefactors.
Not only that, but the U.S., as a supporter of Israel, is held in poor regard by many Muslims over
the Palestinian issue.
So, peace in Iraq could be just as difficult, or even more difficult, to orchestrate than the actual
war. The U.S. and its allies may be subjected to further terrorist acts in reprisal of their military action, both in the
Middle East and at home.
However, I think these issues are overstated and are unlikely to arise.
Just as likely to occur will be economic improvement to Iraq due to the lifting of sanctions and
the free flow of oil to markets. As political reforms are initiated and Iraq begins to prosper, political and economic reforms
could spread throughout the Middle East. The greatest influence on democratization of the world has always been by example,
not by force. This would be the case here. Other Arab nations would view the rapid societal and economic improvements in Iraq
and want to share in their prosperity. OPEC would lose its influence to fix the price of oil, oil supply would be assured
and the global economy would shift gears and begin to grow rapidly once again.
Terrorists will know that there will be dire repercussions to any attack they orchestrate and this
will hold them in abeyance.
There will never be a perfect time to face down evil. But, history has shown that it is better
to act sooner rather than later. The time ahead of us could be tumultuous. So let's be strong, determined and resolute. For
the sake of our children, let us face this problem now and send a message to all despotic leaders: Don't mess with us, or
you will bite off more than you can chew.
The very future of humanity depends on our actions.
Cubbin Consulting
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